MCAT Psychology and Sociology Practice Test 2026 – Complete Exam Prep

Self-efficacy is the belief in one’s own ability to take action. In the Health Belief Model, this matters because recognizing a risk or the seriousness of a condition isn’t enough to change behavior unless a person also feels confident they can perform the necessary steps. When someone believes they can successfully carry out the behavior, they’re more likely to start and stick with it, even if obstacles appear. This confidence can be built through past successes, watching others perform the behavior, encouragement from others, and interpreting bodily sensations in a non-threatening way. This differs from perceived susceptibility (likelihood of getting the condition), perceived severity (how serious the consequences would be), and cues to action (triggers that prompt behavior).